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Made to Stick
Why creation deepens memory

Memory & Learning
THE THOUGHT
In Grade 7, I built a mitochondrion model.
The model was as big as me, crafted from styrofoam and cardboard. I remember carefully cutting and shaping the folds of the cristae, layering them to mimic the intricate inner membrane. The matrix was painted in bright, bold colors, and the labels were handwritten and slightly crooked.
Despite earning a perfect grade at the end of the year, I don’t remember anything else about 7th-grade biology. The rest has long since faded into background noise.
Why does the memory of the mitochondria linger so vividly, while every other memory seems to have vanished? Do you also remember vivid details of something you created many years ago?
Every act of creation is first an act of destruction.
THE DIVE
The Power of Creation
The Generation Effect reveals that we remember information more effectively when we generate it ourselves. Rooted in cognitive psychology, this phenomenon demonstrates that actively constructing a word, idea, or concept—for example, crafting a sentence or solving a problem—leads to stronger memory retention than passively receiving information. But what makes creation so powerful in embedding knowledge into our minds?
Psychologically, generating engages the brain on a deeper level. The act of creation forges connections between new ideas and existing knowledge, activating neural pathways that enhance memory encoding. For instance, research shows that handwriting notes results in better information retention than typing. Writing by hand encourages analytical thinking and synthesis, requiring effort that intensifies learning.

Methods effectively enhancing memory encoding
Creation goes beyond recollection—it transforms information into something personal and meaningful. By creating, we shift from passive absorption to active participation, embedding what we learn in ways that feel uniquely ours. This deepens our interaction with the world and strengthens memory. Could creation be how we leave our mark on the vast canvas of experience?
Socially, the Generation Effect underscores the power of collaboration. Teaching others, for example, requires organizing and expressing ideas, which reinforces understanding. Sharing creations turns knowledge into a collective story, fostering connection and growth.
In daily life, the Generation Effect emerges when we reimagine tasks, solve problems creatively, or recount experiences in our own way. Memory thrives not just on what we learn but on how actively we engage.
THE TOOLKIT
Article: The Generation Effect by Anne-Laure Le Cunff — Discover how creating information enhances memory and practical ways to apply it in daily life.
Research Paper: The Generation Effect: Delineation of a Phenomenon — Dive into the foundational study that first defined this fascinating cognitive phenomenon.
TED Talk: Gentelligence: Conversations Between Generations — Explore how generational perspectives can enrich learning and creativity through meaningful dialogue.
THE PRACTICE
Create to Remember
Here’s a simple way to practice actively generating ideas and deepen our connection to what we learn.
Start with an everyday activity. Choose something you consume often. Instead of just taking in the information, summarize it. Write down a few key points or explain it aloud in your own words. Expressing it shifts you from passive to active engagement.
Personalize what you create by linking it to your own experiences or goals. If it’s a recipe, consider how you’d adjust it to match your taste. Even small connections make ideas more meaningful.
Add a dash of creativity. Innovate with the material by turning it into a diagram, mind map, or analogy. If it feels actionable, sketch out a plan to implement it. The aim is to interact with the material so it feels relevant and alive.
Reflect. How did rephrasing or adapting the material affect your understanding? Experiment with these approaches in different areas of your life and you’ll uncover which methods resonate most with you.

Active Learning Process
Just like building the unforgettable mitochondrion, creating helps us embed knowledge in ways that truly stick. It’s not just about learning—it’s about making the knowledge uniquely ours.